Taipei: The 2026 Tang Prize in Biopharmaceutical Science was awarded to three scientists for their pioneering work in developing cancer immunotherapies that can harness patients' own immune cells to fight cancer, the award's selection committee announced on Tuesday. Steven A. Rosenberg, Michel Sadelain, and Carl H. June were honored "for the discovery and development of tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte (TIL) and chimeric antigen receptor T-cell (CAR-T) therapies," said Chang Wen-chang, chair of the Tang Prize Selection Committee for Biopharmaceutical Science.According to Focus Taiwan, the laureates' discoveries have helped transform cancer treatment by turning the patient's immune system into "a powerful medicine." The foundation described Rosenberg and June, both American scientists, and Sadelain, who holds French and Canadian citizenship, as "leading scientists" in the field of cellular immunotherapy, saying their contributions have laid the foundation for a new era of "living drugs."In CAR-T therapy, a pa tient's T cells -- a type of white blood cell that helps kill infected or diseased cells -- are collected and genetically modified in a laboratory so that they carry special receptors that can better recognize cancer cells. The modified cells are then multiplied and infused back into the patient, where they seek out and attack cancer cells. TIL therapy, meanwhile, involves collecting immune cells that have already entered a tumor, expanding them in large numbers in a laboratory and infusing them back into the patient to attack cancer cells.In simple terms, CAR-T therapy gives T cells a new tool to find cancer, while TIL therapy expands immune cells that have already shown they can recognize the tumor. Both therapies boost the cells' ability to kill cancer cells. Since the first U.S. Food and Drug Administration's approval of a CAR-T therapy in 2017, the treatment has benefited more than 30,000 patients with blood cancers worldwide, the foundation said.CAR-T therapies have provided "life-saving" options fo r patients with recurrent or refractory blood cancers, while TIL therapy has opened a new path for "treating advanced solid tumors, especially metastatic melanoma," the foundation said, referring to a form of skin cancer. The Tang Prize -- established by the late Taiwanese entrepreneur Samuel Yin in 2012 -- honors individuals who have made prominent contributions in four categories -- sustainable development, biopharmaceutical science, sinology, and the rule of law.The biennial award is sometimes referred to as Taiwan's version of the Nobel Prizes, and awards achievements in areas not covered by its better-known counterpart. The Tang Prize laureates in each category will share a cash award of NT$40 million (US$1.27 million), meaning each of them will receive NT$13.3 million, and a NT$10 million research grant, which will also be shared among them.